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  1. Wiktionary
  2. yourself
yourself
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Yourself

English

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]
  • yerself, yo'self, yoself (all nonstandard)
  • Yourself (honorific)

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle English yourself, equivalent to your +‎ -self.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • (Received Pronunciation)
    • (weak form) IPA(key): /jəˈsɛlf/
      • Audio (London):(file)
    • (strong form, pour–poor merger) IPA(key): /jɔːˈsɛlf/
    • (strong form, without the pour–poor merger) IPA(key): /jʊəˈsɛlf/
  • (General American)
    • (weak form) IPA(key): /jɚˈsɛlf/
      • Audio (US):(file)
    • (strong form) IPA(key): /jɔɹˈsɛlf/, /jʊɹˈsɛlf/
  • Hyphenation: your‧self
  • Rhymes: -ɛlf

Pronoun

[edit]

yourself (referring to the person being spoken to, previously mentioned, the reflexive case of you)

  1. (reflexive pronoun) Your own self (singular).
    Be careful with that fire or you'll burn yourself.
    After a good night's sleep you'll feel like yourself again.
    • 2025 April 28, Madeline Holcombe, “It might be time to ‘reparent’ yourself. Here’s how to get started”, in CNN‎[1]:
      As an adult, you would find yourself being a people pleaser with the men in your life –– afraid to be rejected and emotionally abandoned.
  2. (emphatic pronoun) You (singular); used emphatically, especially to indicate exclusiveness of the referent's participation in the predicate, i.e., that no one else is involved.
    You yourself know that what you wrote was wrong.
  3. (especially Ireland; proscribed[1]) You (singular); even when "you" has not been used previously; see usage notes.
    I spoke with yourself last in February.
    No one understands me like yourself.
    My colleague and yourself are invited to the conference.
    I only spoke to my lawyer and yourself about the issue.

Usage notes

[edit]

Use of "yourself" as in "I spoke with yourself last in February." is an untriggered reflexive (i.e. "yourself" is used to mean "you" without the pronoun "you" being used previously in the sentence), which is proscribed.

Derived terms

[edit]
  • because you touch yourself at night
  • buy yourself a hat
  • check yourself before you wreck yourself
  • dig yourself
  • do-it-yourself
  • do it yourself
  • don't keep a dog and bark yourself
  • don't knock yourself out
  • fuck yourself
  • go chase yourself
  • go screw yourself
  • go shit yourself
  • hello yourself, and see how you like it
  • keep telling yourself that
  • keep yourself safe
  • make yourself at home
  • please yourself
  • stab yourself and pass the dagger
  • take care of

Translations

[edit]
(reflexive) your own self
  • Arabic: نفسكَ m (nafsuka), نفسكِ f (nafsuki)
    Egyptian Arabic: نفسَك m (nafsak), نفسِك f (nafsek)
  • Belarusian: сябе́ (sjabjé) (accusative, genitive), сабе́ (sabjé) (dative, locative), сабо́й (sabój) (instrumental), -цца (-cca) (verb ending)
  • Catalan: et (ca)
  • Czech: se (cs), sebe (cs)
  • Dutch: jijzelf (nl) (informal), uzelf (nl) (formal)
  • Esperanto: vi (eo), vin (eo)
  • Finnish: (informal) itsesi (fi), (formal) itsenne (fi)
  • French: te (fr), vous (fr)
  • German: dich (de) (informal), dich selbst (informal), sich (de) (formal), sich selbst (formal)
  • Hungarian: magad (hu), magadat
  • Ido: tu ipsa, vu ipsa
  • Italian: te stesso m sg, te stessa f sg, voi stessi m pl, voi stesse f pl
  • Japanese: 自身 (ja) (jishin)
  • Khakas: позың (pozıñ)
  • Latin: tutemet, tute, vosmet pl
  • Navajo: tʼáá nihí
  • Northern Sami: iežat
  • Persian: خودت (fa) (xodat)
  • Polish: się (pl), siebie (pl)
  • Portuguese: te (pt), se (pt)
  • Romani: tut
  • Russian: себя́ (ru) (sebjá), -ся (ru) (-sja)
  • Scots: yersel
  • Sorbian:
    Lower Sorbian: se
  • Spanish: te (es), ti (es), se (es), ti mismo (tuteo, male), ti misma (tuteo, female), vos mismo (voseo, male), vos misma (voseo, female), usted mismo (formal, male), usted misma (formal, female)
  • Sranan Tongo: yusrefi
  • Turkish: kendin (tr)
  • Tuvan: бодуң (boduñ)
  • Unami: kënihëlàchi
  • Welsh: dy hun (familiar), eich hun (polite), dy hunan (familiar, South Wales), eich hunan (polite, South Wales)
  • Yakut: бэйэҥ (beyeŋ)
you, used emphatically
  • American Sign Language: A@Chesthigh SmallFrontandback
  • Belarusian: ты сам m (ty sam), ты сама́ f (ty samá), (plural or formal) вы са́мі (vy sámi)
  • Catalan: mateix (ca)
  • Chinese:
    Mandarin: 自己 (zh) (zìjǐ)
  • Czech: sám (cs), samotný (cs)
  • Esperanto: vi mem
  • Finnish: (informal) sinä itse, (formal) te itse
  • French: toi-même (fr), vous-même (fr)
  • Japanese: 自分 (ja) (じぶん, jibun)
  • Latin: tute
  • Latvian: tu pats m, tu pati f, (singular formal) jūs pats m, jūs pati f, (plural informal or formal) jūs paši m pl, jūs pašas f pl
  • Northern Sami: ieš
  • Polish: sam (pl) m pers, sama (pl) f
  • Portuguese: você/tu mesmo m
  • Russian: ты са́м m (ty sám), ты сама́ f (ty samá), (plural or formal) вы са́ми (vy sámi)
  • Slovak: ty sám m, ty sama f, vy sami, vy same
  • Spanish: tú mismo
  • Ukrainian: ти сам m (ty sam), ти сама́ f (ty samá), (plural or formal) ви сами́ (vy samý), ви самі́ (vy samí)
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
  • Arabic: (please verify) نَفْسُك (nafsuk)
  • Crimean Tatar: (please verify) özüñ
  • Dutch: (please verify) jezelf (nl), (please verify) uzelf (nl)
  • French: (please verify) toi-même (fr), (please verify) vous-même (fr)
  • German: (please verify) du selbst, (please verify) Sie selbst
  • Hungarian: önmaga (hu), saját maga
  • Interlingua: (please verify) te, (please verify) tu ipse
  • Italian: te stesso m sg, te stessa f sg, voi stessi m pl, voi stesse f pl
  • Japanese: 本来の自分 (honrai no jibun)
  • Korean: (please verify) 당신 자신 (dangsin jasin)
  • Latin: tute, vosmet pl
  • Russian: (please verify) себя́ (ru) (sebjá)

See also

[edit]
English personal pronouns

Dialectal and obsolete or archaic forms are in italics.

personal pronoun possessive
pronoun
possessive
determiner
subjective objective reflexive
first
person
singular I
me (colloquial)
me myself
me
mysen
mine my
mine (before vowels, archaic)
me
plural we us ourselves
ourself
oursen
ours
ourn (obsolete outside dialects)
our
second
person
singular standard
(historically
formal)
you you yourself
yoursen
yours
yourn (obsolete outside dialects)
your
archaic
(historically
informal)
thou thee thyself
theeself
thysen
thine thy
thine (before vowels)
plural standard you
ye (archaic)
you yourselves yours
yourn (obsolete outside dialects)
your
colloquial you all
y'all
you guys
yous
you all
y'all
you guys
yous
y'allselves all yours
y'all's
you guys'
your guys'
all your
y'all's
your all's (nonstandard)
you guys'
your guys'
informal /
dialectal
(see list of dialectal forms at you and inflected forms in those entries)
third
person
singular masculine he him himself
hisself (archaic)
hissen
his
hisn (obsolete outside dialects)
his
feminine she her herself
hersen
hers
hern (obsolete outside dialects)
her
neuter it
hit
it
hit
itself
hitself
its
his (archaic)
its
his (archaic)
hits
genderless1 they them themself, themselves theirs their
nonspecific
(formal)
one one oneself – one's
plural they them
hem, 'em
themselves
theirsen
theirs
theirn (obsolete outside dialects)
their

1 See Appendix:English third-person singular pronouns for attested neopronouns.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ https://brians.wsu.edu/2016/05/19/yourself/

Middle English

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]
  • youreself, yourselff

Etymology

[edit]

your +‎ self

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /ˈjuːrsɛlf/

Pronoun

[edit]

yourself

  1. Emphatic plural 2nd person pron.

Descendants

[edit]
  • English: yourself
  • Yola: yerzel

References

[edit]
  • “yǒur-self, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=yourself&oldid=88268954"
Categories:
  • English terms inherited from Middle English
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  • English terms suffixed with -self
  • English 2-syllable words
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  • Rhymes:English/ɛlf
  • Rhymes:English/ɛlf/2 syllables
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  • English terms with usage examples
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