aut
Ladin
Etymology
Adjective
aut m (feminine singular auta, masculine plural auc, feminine plural autes)
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *auti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewti (“on the other hand”), from *h₂ew. Cognate with autem, Ancient Greek αὖ (aû), αὖτε (aûte), αὐτός (autós), αὐτάρ (autár).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /au̯t/, [äu̯t̪]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /au̯t/, [äu̯t̪]
Conjunction
aut
- or
- Aut Caesar aut nihil. ― All or nothing. (literally, “Either a Caesar or a nothing.”)
- Aut disce aut discēde. ― Either you learn, or go away.
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 3.16.4:
- nemo tribunos aut plebem timebat
- nobody feared the tribunes or the plebs
- nemo tribunos aut plebem timebat
- otherwise, or else (a consequence of the condition that the previous is false)
- Accipe nummōs nōnāgintā — aut nūllōs![1]
- Take 90 sesterces — or none at all!
- Introduces a correction to the previous words or an afterthought remark.
Usage notes
Descendants
References
- “aut”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “aut”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- aut in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- twenty years and more: viginti anni et amplius, aut plus
- geographical knowledge: regionum terrestrium aut maritimarum scientia
- twenty years and more: viginti anni et amplius, aut plus
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Latvian
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *áutei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ew-. Cognates include Lithuanian aũti, Proto-Slavic *uti (“to put on”) (> *jьzuti, *obuti), Hittite [script needed] (unu-, “to adorn, decorate, lay (the table)”), Latin *uō (“to put on”) (> exuō, induō).
Pronunciation
Verb
aut (transitive, 1st conjugation, present aunu, aun, aun / auju, auj, auj, past āvu)
- put on footwear (shoes, boots, socks, etc.)
- zēns āva kājas ― the boy put on footwear (lit. on his feet)
- aut kājas pastalās ― to put on pastalas (simple footwear) (lit. to put one's feet into pastalas)
- aut kurpes kājas ― to put on shoes (lit. to put shoes on one's feet)
- nosēdos uz akmens un gribēju aut kājas, bet kurpes bija ļoti sabristas — I sat down on a rock and wanted to put shoes on (lit. to put (my) feet (into shoes)), but the shoes were very wet
- Žanis āva kājās stulmeņu zābakus ― Žanis put the long boots on (his) feet
- (figuratively, with kājas) to prepare for a journey (lit. to put on footwear)
- un tūliņ ķēniņš aun kājas savu sievu meklēt ― and quickly the king puts on footwear to go looking for his wife
Usage notes
Note that aut can take two complements, the footwear or the subject's feet. Either can be the direct object, in which case the other will be a locative complement (i.e., either "to put shoes on one's feet" or "to put one's feet into shoes").
Conjugation
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) | IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present (tagadne) |
Past (pagātne) |
Future (nākotne) | |||
1st pers. sg. | es | aunu, auju | āvu | aušu | — |
2nd pers. sg. | tu | aun, auj | āvi | ausi | aun |
3rd pers. sg. | viņš, viņa | aun, auj | āva | aus | lai aun, auj |
1st pers. pl. | mēs | aunam, aujam | āvām | ausim | ausim |
2nd pers. pl. | jūs | aunat, aujat | āvāt | ausiet, ausit |
auniet |
3rd pers. pl. | viņi, viņas | aun, auj | āva | aus | lai aun, auj |
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) | PARTICIPLES (divdabji) | ||||
Present | aunot | Present Active 1 (Adj.) | aunošs | ||
Past | esot āvis | Present Active 2 (Adv.) | audams | ||
Future | aušot | Present Active 3 (Adv.) | aunot | ||
Imperative | lai aunot | Present Active 4 (Obj.) | aunam | ||
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) | Past Active | āvis | |||
Present | autu | Present Passive | aunams | ||
Past | būtu āvis | Past Passive | auts | ||
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) | NOMINAL FORMS | ||||
Indicative | (būt) jāaun | Infinitive (nenoteiksme) | aut | ||
Conjunctive 1 | esot jāaun | Negative Infinitive | neaut | ||
Conjunctive 2 | jāaunot | Verbal noun | aušana |
Synonyms
Derived terms
- prefixed verbs:
- other derived terms:
Related terms
References
- Derksen, Rick (2015) “auti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 73
Middle Welsh
Pronunciation
Verb
aut
Occitan
Alternative forms
Etymology
Adjective
aut m (feminine singular auta, masculine plural auts, feminine plural autas)
Polish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Borrowed from English out, from Middle English out, oute, from a combination of Old English ūt, from Proto-Germanic *ūt; and Old English ūte, from Proto-Germanic *ūtai, from Proto-Indo-European *úd. Doublet of wy-.
Noun
aut m inan
- (sports) touch (the part of a field beyond the touchlines or goal lines)
- (sports) the situation when the ball goes into touch
Declension
Derived terms
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
aut
Further reading
- aut in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- aut in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
Etymology
Noun
aut n (plural auturi)
- (soccer) ball out of play
Declension
Romansch
Alternative forms
Etymology
Adjective
aut m (feminine singular auta, masculine plural auts, feminine plural autas)
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Noun
aut m (Cyrillic spelling аут)
- (sports) sideline marking the edge of a playing field or court, out of bounds line, touchline
- (sports) area outside the playing field; touch
- (basketball) an instance of a player stepping out of bounds or a ball touching a player while out of bounds
- (sports) a throw that puts the ball into play from the sidelines after it has gone out of bounds; throw-in
- Ladin terms inherited from Latin
- Ladin terms derived from Latin
- Ladin lemmas
- Ladin adjectives
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 1-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin conjunctions
- Latin terms with usage examples
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian words with falling intonation
- Latvian terms with audio links
- Latvian transitive verbs
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian verbs
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian first conjugation verbs
- Latvian first conjugation verbs in -aut
- Latvian n/v type (with lengthening) first conjugation verbs
- Middle Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Welsh non-lemma forms
- Middle Welsh verb forms
- Occitan terms inherited from Latin
- Occitan terms derived from Latin
- Occitan lemmas
- Occitan adjectives
- Provençal
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/awt
- Rhymes:Polish/awt/1 syllable
- Polish terms borrowed from English
- Polish terms derived from English
- Polish terms derived from Middle English
- Polish terms derived from Old English
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish doublets
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- pl:Sports
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish noun forms
- Romanian terms borrowed from English
- Romanian terms derived from English
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- ro:Football (soccer)
- Romansch terms inherited from Latin
- Romansch terms derived from Latin
- Romansch lemmas
- Romansch adjectives
- Rumantsch Grischun
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from English
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Sports
- sh:Basketball