Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow, tight”) via a neuter s-stem noun *h₂enǵʰ-os (“narrowness”)[1][2] combined with the adjective-forming suffix *-tós (equivalent to -tus). Comparative data does not establish when the adjective was derived, but its form would hypothetically correspond to *h₂enǵʰostos in Proto-Indo-European and to *angostos in Proto-Italic or Pre-Latin: this became angustus by the Latin sound change of vowel reduction, which replaced *o with /u/ in non-initial closed syllables. The neuter s-stem noun (Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ-os, Proto-Italic *angos) would have evolved regularly in Classical Latin to *angus, *angeris if it had survived. Another word potentially derived from this noun is the name of the goddess Angerōna.[3]
The root is also found in Latin angō and angor, and in German eng, Sanskrit अंहु (áṃhu), Old Church Slavonic ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ).
For the ending, compare onustus, venustus.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [aŋˈɡʊs.tʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [aŋˈɡus.t̪us]
Adjective
[edit]angustus (feminine angusta, neuter angustum, comparative angustior, superlative angustissimus); first/second-declension adjective
- narrow, strait (especially of local relations)
- close, contracted, constricted, small, not spacious
- (figuratively) short, brief
Declension
[edit]First/second-declension adjective.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | angustus | angusta | angustum | angustī | angustae | angusta | |
genitive | angustī | angustae | angustī | angustōrum | angustārum | angustōrum | |
dative | angustō | angustae | angustō | angustīs | |||
accusative | angustum | angustam | angustum | angustōs | angustās | angusta | |
ablative | angustō | angustā | angustō | angustīs | |||
vocative | anguste | angusta | angustum | angustī | angustae | angusta |
Synonyms
[edit]Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Balkano-Romance:
- Italo-Romance:
- >? Italian: angusto
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Borrowings:
References
[edit]- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “angō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 42
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 62
- ^ Wagenvoort, H. (1980) “Diva Angerona”, in Pietas: Selected Studies in Roman Religion, Leiden: E.J. Brill, page 23
Further reading
[edit]- “angustus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “angustus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- angustus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) credit is low throughout Italy: fides tota Italia est angusta
- (ambiguous) credit is low throughout Italy: fides tota Italia est angusta
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “angustus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 24: Refonte A–Aorte, page 575
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂enǵʰ-
- Latin 3-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin adjectives
- Latin first and second declension adjectives
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- la:Size