販

See also: 贩

販	U+8CA9, 販 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CA9

← 貨
[U+8CA8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

貪 →
[U+8CAA]

Translingual

Han character

販 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月金竹水 (BCHE), four-corner 6184₇, composition ⿰貝反)

Derived characters

𢴔

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1205, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36679
Dae Jaweon: page 1667, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3627, character 5
Unihan data for U+8CA9

Chinese

trad.		販
simp.		贩

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 販
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (反) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
扳	praːn, pʰraːn
板	*praːnʔ
版	*praːnʔ
瓪	praːnʔ, paːnʔ
昄	praːnʔ, braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
鈑	*praːnʔ
蝂	*praːnʔ
眅	pʰraːn, pʰraːnʔ
阪	braːnʔ, panʔ
魬	*braːnʔ
粄	*paːnʔ
反	panʔ, pʰan
返	*panʔ
坂	*panʔ
畈	*pans
販	*pans
汳	*pʰans
飯	bonʔ, bons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pans): semantic 貝 (“cowry”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

Etymology

The exoactive of 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan, “to return, lit. "to make someone return"”) (Schuessler, 2007).

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *par (“to trade; to buy; to sell”), from which Tibetan ཕར (phar, “interest (on money); exchange”) is derived.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): faan³ / faan⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fan

(Hailu, HRS): fan^ˇ
Eastern Min (BUC): huáng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang⁴ / huong⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): phòaⁿ / hoàn

(Teochew, Peng'im): huang³ / huêng³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵fe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
  - Wade–Giles: fan⁴
  - Yale: fàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
  - Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: faan³ / faan⁵
  - Yale: faan / fáahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan³ / faan⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan³ / fan⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn³³/, /faːn¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fan
  - Hakka Romanization System: fan
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fan⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fan⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: fan^ˇ
  - Sinological IPA: /fan¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: huáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huɑŋ²¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: huang⁴
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hua̍ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: huong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòaⁿ / hoàn
  - Tâi-lô: phuànn / huàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phvoax, hoaxn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pʰuã²¹/, /huan²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰuã⁴¹/, /huan⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰuã²¹/, /huan²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰuã¹¹/, /huan¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰuã²¹/, /huan²¹/

Note:

phòaⁿ - vernacular (“to sell wholesale; to imitate rigidly”);
hoàn - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: huang³ / huêng³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huàng / huèng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ²¹³/, /hueŋ²¹³/

Note:

huang3 - Shantou;
huêng3 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵fe
  - MiniDict: fe^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²fe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fe³⁴/

Middle Chinese: pjonH

Rime
Character	販
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方願切
Baxter	pjonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʉɐn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷiɐn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/piuɐn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puan^H/
Li Rong	/piuɐn^H/
Wang Li	/pĭwɐn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯wɐn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*pans/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	販
Reading #	1/1
No.	2973
Phonetic component	反
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	販
Old Chinese	/*pans/

Definitions

販

to deal in; to trade in; to traffic
peddler; hawker; trader; monger; street merchant
(Hokkien) to sell wholesale
(Mainland China Hokkien) to imitate rigidly; to follow closely

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

販

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Korean

Hanja

販 • (pan) (hangeul 판, revised pan, McCune–Reischauer p'an, Yale phan)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

販: Hán Nôm readings: phiến, phán

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.