諂

See also: 谄

諂	U+8AC2, 諂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8AC2

← 諁
[U+8AC1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

諃 →
[U+8AC3]

Translingual

Han character

諂 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜口弓竹難 (YRNHX), four-corner 0767₇, composition ⿰訁臽)

Derived characters

𭌂

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1166, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35616
Dae Jaweon: page 1632, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3990, character 6
Unihan data for U+8AC2

Chinese

trad.		諂
simp.		谄
alternative forms		謟／𰵽讇／𬤛

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 諂
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (臽) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
萏	*l'oːmʔ
窞	*l'oːmʔ
惂	*kʰloːmʔ
輡	*kʰloːmʔ
錎	kʰloːmʔ, ɡroːms
埳	*kʰloːmʔ
臽	kʰloːmʔ, ɡroːms
淊	ɡloːmʔ, qroːm, qroːms, lomʔ
欿	*ɡloːmʔ
蜭	ɡloːmʔ, ɡluːms
啗	l'aːmʔ, l'aːms
鵮	ʔr'oːm, kʰroːm, *kʰroːms
餡	*ɡroːms
陷	*ɡroːms
爓	ljom, loms
諂	*l̥ʰomʔ
讇	*l̥ʰomʔ
閻	*lom
焰	*loms
壛	*lom
櫩	*lom
燄	*lomʔ
掐	*kʰroːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰomʔ) : semantic 言 + phonetic 臽 (OC *kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chǎn (chan³)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cim²
Eastern Min (BUC): tiēng
Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): tiam²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chǎn
  - Wade–Giles: chʻan³
  - Yale: chǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaan
  - Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: cim²
  - Yale: chím
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsim²
  - Guangdong Romanization: qim²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːm³⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: tiēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰieŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tiam²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiám
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiam⁵²/

Middle Chinese: trhjemX

Rime
Character	諂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	鹽 (154)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	丑琰切
Baxter	trhjemX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈʰˠiᴇm^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʰᵚiɛm^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶʰiæm^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈʰjiam^X/
Li Rong	/ȶʰjɛm^X/
Wang Li	/ȶʰĭɛm^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶʰi̯ɛm^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cim²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰromʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰomʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	諂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ trhjem^X ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰromʔ/
English	flatter (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	諂
Reading #	1/1
No.	13562
Phonetic component	臽
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	諂
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰomʔ/
Notes	說文同讇

Definitions

諂

^† to flatter; to truckle; to toady

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 拍馬屁 (“to brownnose; to suck up to”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		媚, 諂
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		拍馬, 奉承, 奉迎, 討好, 諂媚, 恭維, 巴結, 趨奉, 趨附, 諂諛, 阿諛, 逢迎, 抱大腿, 阿諂, 巴劫, 獻殷勤, 捧臭腳, 取悅
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	拍馬屁, 溜溝子, 溜鬚, 溜鬚捧勝, 溜, 捧臭腳, 捧參兒, 呵, 巴結, 奉承
	Taiwan	拍馬屁, 拍馬, 抱大腿
	Langfang	奉承, 巴結
	Chengde	巴結
	Chifeng	巴結, 拍馬屁
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	拍馬屁, 溜鬚
	Heihe	巴結, 溜鬚, 拍馬屁, 拍
	Qiqihar	巴結, 拍馬屁
	Harbin	拍馬屁, 拍, 溜溝子, 溜腚溝兒, 溜鬚, 溜鬚拍馬, 溜鬚捧勝, 溜鬚舔腚, 溜, 舔腚, 捧臭腳, 捧勝, 巴結, 巴嘰
	Jiamusi	巴結, 拍馬屁
	Baicheng	巴結, 拍馬屁
	Changchun	溜鬚, 打溜鬚, 溜鬚捧勝
	Tonghua	拍馬屁, 溜鬚
	Shenyang	巴結, 拍馬屁, 拍馬, 奉迎
	Jinzhou	巴結, 拍, 逢迎, 溜鬚
	Singapore	拍馬屁
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	拍, 溜乎, 溜溝子, 溜溝子舔眼子, 巴結
	Tangshan	捧, 巴結
	Cangzhou	奉承, 巴結, 拍馬屁
	Baoding	奉承, 巴結, 拍馬屁
	Shijiazhuang	奉承, 巴結, 拍馬屁
	Lijin	奉承, 舔腚
	Jinan	舔腚, 溜鬚, 巴結, 巴結奉迎, 奉承, 奉迎, 討好
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	舔腚, 舔, 溜光, 溜恭
	Dandong	巴結, 打溜鬚, 舔巴腚溝子
	Yantai	巴結, 奔弄
	Yantai (Muping)	溜溝子, 舔摸, 舔腚溜溝子, 巴結
	Qingdao	巴結, 拍馬屁, 舔麼腚, 舔麼
	Zhucheng	巴結, 貼乎
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	拍馬屁, 溜溝子, 溜屁股溝, 溜鬚拍馬, 巴結, 奉承
	Lingbao	巴結, 拍
	Jining	巴結
	Daming	奉承, 巴結
	Wanrong	舔溝子, 巴結
	Linfen	舔屁眼兒, 溜溝子
	Shangqiu	巴結, 拍, 溜, 奉迎, 舔腚
	Yuanyang	拍馬
	Zhengzhou	巴結, 拍, 溜, 溜腚溝兒
	Xinyang	巴結, 拍
	Baihe	巴結, 拍馬屁, 舔溝子
	Xi'an	巴結, 拍馬屁, 舔溝子, 溜溝子, 騷輕, 腮補西 Hui
	Baoji	巴結, 溜溝子
	Tianshui	巴結
	Xining	舔溝油, 抱大腿, 抱粗腿, 巴結, 抬舉
	Xuzhou	吸喋子, 吸, 偷吸, 舔腚眼子, 舔腚, 舔, 巴結, 拍馬屁, 拍, 奉承
	Fuyang	巴結, 逢迎, 舔肥, 和, 拍馬屁, 拍
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	拍馬屁, 溜溝子, 舔溝子, 巴結
	Lanzhou	溜溝子, 舔溝子, 溜溝順情, 抱大腿, 巴結, 奉承, 拍馬屁
	Dunhuang	巴結
	Hami	巴結, 奉承, 拍馬屁
	Ürümqi	溜溝子, 溜, 巴結, 奉承, 騷情
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	舔肥, 舔溝子, 舔肥溝子, 舔屁股, 𫾈肥, 𫾈, 抱大腳桿, 浮上水, 巴結, 巴, 溜溝子, 奉承
	Nanchong	巴結, 拍馬屁, 拍
	Dazhou	巴結, 舔肥
	Hanyuan	奉承
	Xichang	巴結, 奉承, 拍馬屁, 拍
	Zigong	奉承, 拍馬屁
	Chongqing	巴結, 舔肥, 長舌頭兒
	Wuhan	拍, 拍馬屁, 拍麻皮, 呵熱屁, 呵卵捧㞗, 呵, 拎草鞋, 提草鞋, 巴結, 巴, 奉承
	Yichang	巴結, 拍馬屁, 奉承
	Xiangyang	巴結, 拍馬屁
	Tianmen	巴結, 拍馬屁
	Guiyang	拍馬屁, 舔肥屁股, 舔肥, 巴結, 奉承
	Zunyi	巴結, 拍, 捧
	Bijie	舔肥, 捧泡
	Liping	巴結, 獻殷勤
	Zhaotong	巴結, 捧泡
	Dali	抬泡, 巴結
	Kunming	捧脬, 舔屁股, 巴結, 拍馬屁, 搊捧
	Mengzi	拍, 捧泡
	Guilin	巴結, 奉承
	Liuzhou	拍馬屁, 捧大腳, 捧卵脬, 巴結, 奉承
	Jishou	巴交, 拍馬屁, 奉承
	Changde	巴結, 奉承, 背合皮
	Hanzhong	巴結, 拍馬屁
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	拍馬屁, 呵, 呵二屁, 抬轎子, 抱粗腿, 巴結
	Yangzhou	拍馬屁, 拍馬三, 呵, 呵捧, 呵大卵子, 舔屁眼, 巴結
	Lianyungang	巴結, 拍馬, 舔油, 上油
	Lianshui	巴結
	Nantong	拍馬屁, 拍, 托卵脬, 托馬屁, 巴結
	Anqing	巴結, 拍馬屁
	Wuhu	巴結, 呵卵脬, 拍
	Hefei	拍馬屁, 呵, 巴結
	Hong'an	巴結, 拍馬屁, 捧熱卵子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	托大腳, 托, 擦鞋, 𦧺屎窟
	Hong Kong	托大腳, 擦鞋, 拍馬屁, 𦧺屎眼, 𦧺屎窟
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	騎大腳
	Macau	擦鞋
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	托大腳
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	托大腳
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	托大腳
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	托大腳
	Foshan	托大腳
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	托大腳
	Foshan (Shunde)	托大腳
	Foshan (Sanshui)	托大腳
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	托大腳
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	托大腳
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	托大腳
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	托大腳
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	托大腳
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	托大腳
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	托大腳
	Taishan	托大腳
	Kaiping (Chikan)	托大腳, 捧臀
	Enping (Niujiang)	捧臀, 托大腳
	Heshan (Yayao)	托大腳
	Dongguan	托大蹄, 托大腳, 拍馬屁, 擦鞋
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	托大腳
	Yangjiang	托大腳
	Nanning	拍馬屁, 拍, 捧大腿, 捧脬
	Wuzhou	拍馬屁, 捧大腳
	Yulin	拍馬屁, 捧大腳
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	捧, 托大腳
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	捧大腳
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	捧大腳
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	托大腳, 擦鞋, 罌吉
	Penang (Guangfu)	托大腳, 擦鞋
	Singapore (Guangfu)	托大腳
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	托大腳
	Móng Cái	捧大腳
Gan	Nanchang	拍馬屁, 托卵袋子, 巴結
	Lichuan	拍馬屁, 巴結
	Pingxiang	拍馬屁, 搊卵坨子, 巴結
Hakka	Meixian	捧大腳, 托大腳, 巴結
	Xingning	背大腳
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	托大腳
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	托大腳
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	托大腳
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	托大腳
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	巴結
	Yudu	托卵坨, 巴結
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	托核, 托核卵
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	扶核卵, 托核卵
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	托核, 托核卵
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	托核, 托核卵
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	托核, 托核卵
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	扶核卵
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	巴結
Huizhou	Jixi	拍馬屁, 捧攏, 捧, 呵卵脬, 呼卵脬, 巴結
Huizhou	Shexian	巴結, 呼卵脬
Jin	Taiyuan	舔屁眼, 溜溝子, 溜舔, 溜溝子舔屁眼, 拍馬屁, 抱粗腿, 巴舔
	Taiyuan (Jinyuan)	溜溝子舔屁眼
	Yangyuan	巴結, 拍馬屁, 奉迎, 迎合
	Datong	溜舔
	Xinzhou	溜達, 溜, 走上水, 溜舔, 溜溝子, 爬溝子, 溜溝涮棒, 舔屁眼, 舔屁窟, 舔㞘子, 舔涮, 涮攪, 涮棒子, 涮壜子, 涮淘, 喝泔水, 扶上水, 扶下頦, 巴結
	Lüliang (Lishi)	巴結, 拍馬屁, 拍, 溜溝子, 舔屁眼
	Changzhi	巴結
	Linhe	拍馬屁, 溜溝子
	Jining	溜溝子
	Hohhot	溜溝子
	Erenhot	溜溝子
	Pingshan	拿進, 溜舔, 舔屁股
	Zhangjiakou	奉承, 巴結, 拍馬屁
	Handan	奉承, 巴結, 舔屁眼
	Linzhou	巴結, 拍
	Suide	巴結
Northern Min	Jian'ou	捧㞠脬, 攬褲跤, 頌花鞋, 巴結
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	托𡳞脬, 捧, 拍馬屁, 巴結
Southern Min	Xiamen	扶, 扶𡳞脬, 扶零星, 扶𢱤, 三跤, 㾪扶
	Quanzhou	扶, 扶𡳞脬, 㾪扶
	Zhangzhou	扶, 扶𡳞脬, 扶𢱤, 三跤, 三跤馬, 三跤撐
	Taipei	扶𡳞脬, 扶挺
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	扶𡳞脬
	Kaohsiung	扶𡳞脬, 扶挺
	Yilan	扶𡳞脬, 扶挺, 扶
	Changhua (Lukang)	扶𡳞脬, 扶挺, 扶
	Taichung	扶𡳞脬, 扶尻川, 扶𡳞
	Tainan	扶𡳞脬, 扶挺, 扶𡳞
	Taitung	扶𡳞脬
	Hsinchu	扶𡳞脬
	Kinmen	扶𡳞脬
	Penghu (Magong)	扶𡳞脬
	Penang (Hokkien)	扶
	Singapore (Hokkien)	扶, 扶𡳞脬, 三跤
	Manila (Hokkien)	扶, 扶𡳞脬
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	巴結
	Chaozhou	扶𡳞脬, 扶
	Raoping	扶𡳞脬
	Shantou	扛轎跤, 扶𡳞脬
	Jieyang	扶𡳞脬, 扶
	Singapore (Teochew)	扶, 扶𡳞脬
	Leizhou	托跤腿
	Singapore (Hainanese)	扶, 扶大腿
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	抱大跤
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	捧卵脬, 捧脬, 扛大腳, 拍馬屁, 巴結
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	巴結, 奉承
Wu	Shanghai	拍馬屁, 巴結
	Shanghai (Chongming)	拍馬屁
	Suzhou	拍馬屁, 拍馬三, 巴結, 討好, 拍牢
	Wuxi	拍馬屁
	Danyang	拍馬屁, 巴結, 呵捧, 呵卵脬
	Hangzhou	拍馬屁, 巴結
	Ningbo	拍馬屁, 巴結
	Wenzhou	拍馬屁
	Jinhua	拍馬屁, 塔麻油, 捧大腿, 捧腿, 巴結, 討好
Xiang	Changsha	拍馬屁, 摸螺拐, 搊卵脬
	Loudi	捧馬屁, 捧卵胞
	Shuangfeng	捧馬屁, 搊屁股
	Quanzhou	巴結

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

諂

(Hyōgai kanji)

flatter

Readings

Korean

Hanja

諂 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

諂: Hán Việt readings: xiểm^[1]^[2]^[3], siểm (丑(sửu)琰(diễm)切(thiết))^[2]^[3]^[4]
諂: Nôm readings: xiểm^[1]^[2]^[5], siểm^[3]

chữ Hán form of siểm (“to flatter”).

References

[tdcndg-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Nguyễn (2014).

[gdhn-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Trần (2004).

[bonet-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Bonet (1899).

[genibrel-4] Génibrel (1898).

[btcn-5] Hồ (1976).

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]