tyggja
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Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse tyggva, tyggja (“to chew”), from Proto-Germanic *kewwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁-.
Pronunciation
Verb
tyggja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative tuggði, supine tuggið)
- (transitive, takes the accusative) to chew, to masticate
Conjugation
tyggja — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að tyggja | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
tuggið | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
tyggjandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég tygg | við tyggjum | present (nútíð) |
ég tyggji | við tyggjum |
| þú tyggur | þið tyggjið | þú tyggjir | þið tyggjið | ||
| hann, hún, það tyggur | þeir, þær, þau tyggja | hann, hún, það tyggji | þeir, þær, þau tyggji | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég tuggði | við tuggðum | past (þátíð) |
ég tyggði | við tyggðum |
| þú tuggðir | þið tuggðuð | þú tyggðir | þið tyggðuð | ||
| hann, hún, það tuggði | þeir, þær, þau tuggðu | hann, hún, það tyggði | þeir, þær, þau tyggðu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
tygg (þú) | tyggjið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| tyggðu | tyggjiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að tyggjast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
tuggist | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
tyggjandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég tyggst | við tyggjumst | present (nútíð) |
ég tyggjist | við tyggjumst |
| þú tyggst | þið tyggjist | þú tyggjist | þið tyggjist | ||
| hann, hún, það tyggst | þeir, þær, þau tyggjast | hann, hún, það tyggjist | þeir, þær, þau tyggjist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég tuggðist | við tuggðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég tyggðist | við tyggðumst |
| þú tuggðist | þið tuggðust | þú tyggðist | þið tyggðust | ||
| hann, hún, það tuggðist | þeir, þær, þau tuggðust | hann, hún, það tyggðist | þeir, þær, þau tyggðust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
tyggst (þú) | tyggist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| tyggstu | tyggisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
tugginn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
tugginn | tuggin | tuggið | tuggðir | tuggðar | tuggin | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
tugginn | tuggða | tuggið | tuggða | tuggðar | tuggin | |
| dative (þágufall) |
tuggðum | tugginni | tuggðu | tuggðum | tuggðum | tuggðum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
tuggins | tugginnar | tuggins | tugginna | tugginna | tugginna | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
tuggði | tuggða | tuggða | tuggðu | tuggðu | tuggðu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
tuggða | tuggðu | tuggða | tuggðu | tuggðu | tuggðu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
tuggða | tuggðu | tuggða | tuggðu | tuggðu | tuggðu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
tuggða | tuggðu | tuggða | tuggðu | tuggðu | tuggðu | |
Derived terms
Derived terms
See also
Norwegian Nynorsk
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old Norse tyggja and tyggva, from Proto-Germanic *kewwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁-. Akin to English chew.
Pronunciation
Verb
tyggja (present tense tygg, past tense togg, past participle togge, passive infinitive tyggjast, present participle tyggjande, imperative tygg)
- to chew
References
- “tyggja” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Norse
Alternative forms
- tyggva (older)
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *kewwaną.
Verb
tyggja (singular past indicative tǫgg, plural past indicative tuggu, past participle togginn)
- to chew
Conjugation
Conjugation of tyggja — active (strong class 3)
| infinitive | tyggja | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | tyggjandi | |
| past participle | togginn | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | tygg | tǫgg |
| 2nd-person singular | tyggr | tǫggt |
| 3rd-person singular | tyggr | tǫgg |
| 1st-person plural | tyggjum | tuggum |
| 2nd-person plural | tyggið | tugguð |
| 3rd-person plural | tyggja | tuggu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | tyggja | tygga |
| 2nd-person singular | tyggir | tyggir |
| 3rd-person singular | tyggi | tyggi |
| 1st-person plural | tyggim | tyggim |
| 2nd-person plural | tyggið | tyggið |
| 3rd-person plural | tyggi | tyggi |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | tygg | |
| 1st-person plural | tyggjum | |
| 2nd-person plural | tyggið | |
Conjugation of tyggja — mediopassive (strong class 3)
| infinitive | tyggjask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | tyggjandisk | |
| past participle | toggizk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | tyggjumk | tuggumk |
| 2nd-person singular | tyggsk | tǫggzk |
| 3rd-person singular | tyggsk | tǫggsk |
| 1st-person plural | tyggjumsk | tuggumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | tyggizk | tugguzk |
| 3rd-person plural | tyggjask | tuggusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | tyggjumk | tyggumk |
| 2nd-person singular | tyggisk | tyggisk |
| 3rd-person singular | tyggisk | tyggisk |
| 1st-person plural | tyggimsk | tyggimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | tyggizk | tyggizk |
| 3rd-person plural | tyggisk | tyggisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | tyggsk | |
| 1st-person plural | tyggjumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | tyggizk | |
References
- “tyggja”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪcːa
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪcːa/2 syllables
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Icelandic transitive verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk strong verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk class 3 strong verbs
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse class 3 strong verbs