• IPA^(key): /s̺uma/ [s̺u.ma]
• Rhymes: -uma, -a
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

Borrowed from Spanish suma (“sum”).

suma inan

1. (dated) amount, quantity

   Synonym: kopuru

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

suma inan

1. smell (sense)

   Synonym: usaimen

• “suma”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
• “suma”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Borrowed from Latin summa.

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈsu.mə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈsu.ma]

• Audio:

  (file)

suma f (plural sumes)

1. sum

• en suma

suma

1. inflection of sumar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

From Spanish suma, from Latin summa.

suma

1. to reckon
2. to tabulate

Unknown.

suma

1. according to

From Proto-Finnic *sum(p)a.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈs̠umɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Syllabification^(key): su‧ma
• Hyphenation^(key): su‧ma

suma

1. logjam

   Synonym: jumi

2. traffic jam

   Synonym: ruuhka

3. (figuratively, in compounds) accumulation, bunch

   kolarisuma ― pile-up

• “suma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

• Samu, masu, musa, usma

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuma/ [ˈs̺u.mɐ]
• Rhymes: -uma
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

suma f (plural sumas)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

suma

1. inflection of sumir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

suma

1. Romanization of 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰

Perhaps from Portuguese assim + como ("thus how").

suma

1. because

Borrowed from Russian сума (suma).

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈs̠umɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈʃumɑ]
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

suma

1. bag
   • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 22:

     Siso ompeli suman.

     Sis sewed the bag.

   • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[4], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 75:

     Ohotnikka otti jänistä käpälist ja pani summaa.

     The hunter took the hare by the legs and put it in the bag.

   • 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva:

     Valja otti suman, pani bukvarin summaa ja laati paljton päälle.

     Valja took [her] bag, put a primer into the bag and put an overcoat on.

Declension of suma (type 3/koira, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	suma	sumat
genitive	suman	summiin
partitive	summaa	summia
illative	summaa	summii
inessive	sumas	sumis
elative	sumast	sumist
allative	sumalle	sumille
adessive	sumal	sumil
ablative	sumalt	sumilt
translative	sumaks	sumiks
essive	sumanna, summaan	suminna, summiin
exessive1)	sumant	sumint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 550

suma

1. inflection of sumere:
   1. first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

• musa

Ultimately from Latin summa. The religious sense is borrowed from Polish suma.^[1]

sumà f (plural sùmos) stress pattern 4

1. (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)
2. sum (quantity of money)
3. (Catholicism) noon mass on a holy day; High Mass

• “suma”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
• “suma”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2025

From Old Norse svimma, svima, from Proto-Germanic *swimmaną.

suma

1. to swim, float

suma

1. feminine nominative/accusative plural of sum

suma

1. inflection of sumr:
   1. feminine accusative singular
   2. masculine accusative plural

Learned borrowing from Latin summa.^[1][2][3] First attested in the 15th century.

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /suma/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /suma/

suma f

1. (attested in Masovia) sum (quantity of money)
   • 1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 27:

     Czy vbodzy slyachczycy... o pewney svmmye pyenyądzi (de certa summa pecuniae) szą gednayą z nymy

     [Ci ubodzy ślachcicy... o pewnej summie pieniędzy (de certa summa pecuniae) się jednają z nimi]

   • 1950 [1437], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 493, Warsaw:

     Jakom ya nye ranczyl Jsakowi gyenyey kopy geno s they szumy, czo w xøgach m[y]a

     [Jakom ja nie ręczył Izakowi jeniej kopy jeno z tej sumy, co w księgach m[y]a]

• Polish: suma
• Silesian: suma
• → Romanian: sumă

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “suma”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: su‧ma
• Homophone: Suma

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

suma f (diminutive sumka, related adjective sumowy)

1. amount, sum, figure (certain amount of money)

   Synonym: kwota

2. (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)
3. sum (quantity obtained by aggregation)

   Synonyms: całokształt, całość, ogół

4. (Roman Catholicism) mass, service (main mass help in church on Sundays and holidays)

   Hypernym: msza

5. (Middle Polish) sum, summary (short summation of text)

   Synonym: podsumowanie

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

suma m animal

1. genitive/accusative singular of sum

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), suma is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 24 times in news, 22 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 3 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 79 times, making it the 819th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[1]

• suma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• suma in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• suma in PWN's encyclopedia
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “suma”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “SUMA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 23.03.2023
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 510

suma

1. feminine singular of sumo

suma

1. inflection of sumir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Borrowed from French sommer.

a suma (third-person singular present sumează, past participle sumat) 1st conjugation

1. to sum up

Borrowed from Latin summa.

• IPA^(key): /sûma/
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

sȕma f (Cyrillic spelling су̏ма)

1. sum, total

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsu.ma/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: su‧ma

suma f

1. sum (amount of money)

• suma in silling.org

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuma/ [ˈsu.ma]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: su‧ma

Borrowed from Latin summa.^[1] Doublet of the inherited soma (“coarse flour”).

suma f (plural sumas)

1. sum
2. addition

   Antonym: resta

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

suma

1. feminine singular of sumo

suma

1. inflection of sumar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative
2. inflection of sumir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

• “suma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Likely from English someone. Compare Maroon Spirit Language suma (“person”)^[1]

suma

1. (interrogative) who

suma

1. Dated form of sma (“person”).

• Aukan: sama

suma

1. to report

Borrowed from Russian сума (suma).

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈsumɑ]
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

suma

1. pouch, bag

Declension of suma (type III/jalkõ, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	suma	sumad
genitive	suma	sumojõ, sumoi
partitive	summa	sumoitõ, sumoi
illative	summasõ, summa	sumoisõ
inessive	sumaz	sumoiz
elative	sumassõ	sumoissõ
allative	sumalõ	sumoilõ
adessive	sumallõ	sumoillõ
ablative	sumaltõ	sumoiltõ
translative	sumassi	sumoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “suma”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn