skrapa
Finnish
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
skrapa (colloquial)
Declension
Inflection of skrapa (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | skrapa | skrapat | |
genitive | skrapan | skrapojen | |
partitive | skrapaa | skrapoja | |
illative | skrapaan | skrapoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | skrapa | skrapat | |
accusative | nom. | skrapa | skrapat |
gen. | skrapan | ||
genitive | skrapan | skrapojen skrapain rare | |
partitive | skrapaa | skrapoja | |
inessive | skrapassa | skrapoissa | |
elative | skrapasta | skrapoista | |
illative | skrapaan | skrapoihin | |
adessive | skrapalla | skrapoilla | |
ablative | skrapalta | skrapoilta | |
allative | skrapalle | skrapoille | |
essive | skrapana | skrapoina | |
translative | skrapaksi | skrapoiksi | |
abessive | skrapatta | skrapoitta | |
instructive | — | skrapoin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Further reading
- “skrapa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Icelandic
Verb
skrapa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative skrapaði, supine skrapað)
- to scratch
Conjugation
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að skrapa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
skrapað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
skrapandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég skrapa | við skröpum | present (nútíð) |
ég skrapi | við skröpum |
þú skrapar | þið skrapið | þú skrapir | þið skrapið | ||
hann, hún, það skrapar | þeir, þær, þau skrapa | hann, hún, það skrapi | þeir, þær, þau skrapi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég skrapaði | við skröpuðum | past (þátíð) |
ég skrapaði | við skröpuðum |
þú skrapaðir | þið skröpuðuð | þú skrapaðir | þið skröpuðuð | ||
hann, hún, það skrapaði | þeir, þær, þau skröpuðu | hann, hún, það skrapaði | þeir, þær, þau skröpuðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
skrapa (þú) | skrapið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
skrapaðu | skrapiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að skrapast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
skrapast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
skrapandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég skrapast | við skröpumst | present (nútíð) |
ég skrapist | við skröpumst |
þú skrapast | þið skrapist | þú skrapist | þið skrapist | ||
hann, hún, það skrapast | þeir, þær, þau skrapast | hann, hún, það skrapist | þeir, þær, þau skrapist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég skrapaðist | við skröpuðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég skrapaðist | við skröpuðumst |
þú skrapaðist | þið skröpuðust | þú skrapaðist | þið skröpuðust | ||
hann, hún, það skrapaðist | þeir, þær, þau skröpuðust | hann, hún, það skrapaðist | þeir, þær, þau skröpuðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
skrapast (þú) | skrapist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
skrapastu | skrapisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
skrapaður | skröpuð | skrapað | skrapaðir | skrapaðar | skröpuð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
skrapaðan | skrapaða | skrapað | skrapaða | skrapaðar | skröpuð | |
dative (þágufall) |
skröpuðum | skrapaðri | skröpuðu | skröpuðum | skröpuðum | skröpuðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
skrapaðs | skrapaðrar | skrapaðs | skrapaðra | skrapaðra | skrapaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
skrapaði | skrapaða | skrapaða | skröpuðu | skröpuðu | skröpuðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
skrapaða | skröpuðu | skrapaða | skröpuðu | skröpuðu | skröpuðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
skrapaða | skröpuðu | skrapaða | skröpuðu | skröpuðu | skröpuðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
skrapaða | skröpuðu | skrapaða | skröpuðu | skröpuðu | skröpuðu |
Further reading
- “skrapa” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
Verb
skrapa
- inflection of skrape:
- simple past
- past participle
Norwegian Nynorsk
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Old Norse skrapa
Verb
skrapa (present tense skrapar, past tense skrapa, past participle skrapa, passive infinitive skrapast, present participle skrapande, imperative skrapa/skrap)
Usage notes
- This is a split infinitive verb.
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *skrapōną. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).
Verb
skrapa
Conjugation
infinitive | skrapa | |
---|---|---|
present participle | skrapandi | |
past participle | skrapaðr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | skrapa | skrapaða |
2nd-person singular | skrapar | skrapaðir |
3rd-person singular | skrapar | skrapaði |
1st-person plural | skrǫpum | skrǫpuðum |
2nd-person plural | skrapið | skrǫpuðuð |
3rd-person plural | skrapa | skrǫpuðu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | skrapa | skrapaða |
2nd-person singular | skrapir | skrapaðir |
3rd-person singular | skrapi | skrapaði |
1st-person plural | skrapim | skrapaðim |
2nd-person plural | skrapið | skrapaðið |
3rd-person plural | skrapi | skrapaði |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | skrapa | |
1st-person plural | skrǫpum | |
2nd-person plural | skrapið |
infinitive | skrapask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | skrapandisk | |
past participle | skrapazk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | skrǫpumk | skrǫpuðumk |
2nd-person singular | skrapask | skrapaðisk |
3rd-person singular | skrapask | skrapaðisk |
1st-person plural | skrǫpumsk | skrǫpuðumsk |
2nd-person plural | skrapizk | skrǫpuðuzk |
3rd-person plural | skrapask | skrǫpuðusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | skrǫpumk | skrǫpuðumk |
2nd-person singular | skrapisk | skrapaðisk |
3rd-person singular | skrapisk | skrapaðisk |
1st-person plural | skrapimsk | skrapaðimsk |
2nd-person plural | skrapizk | skrapaðizk |
3rd-person plural | skrapisk | skrapaðisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | skrapask | |
1st-person plural | skrǫpumsk | |
2nd-person plural | skrapizk |
Descendants
- Icelandic: skrapa
- Norwegian Nynorsk: skrapa, skrape
- Norwegian Bokmål: skrape
- Swedish: skrapa
- Danish: skrabe
References
- “skrapa”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish skrapa, from Old Norse skrapa, from Proto-Germanic *skrapōną, *skrepaną, from Proto-Indo-European *skreb-, *skrep-.
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Verb
skrapa (present skrapar, preterite skrapade, supine skrapat, imperative skrapa)
Conjugation
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | skrapa | skrapas | ||
Supine | skrapat | skrapats | ||
Imperative | skrapa | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | skrapen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | skrapar | skrapade | skrapas | skrapades |
Ind. plural1 | skrapa | skrapade | skrapas | skrapades |
Subjunctive2 | skrape | skrapade | skrapes | skrapades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | skrapande | |||
Past participle | skrapad | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Noun
skrapa c
Declension
Declension of skrapa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | skrapa | skrapan | skrapor | skraporna |
Genitive | skrapas | skrapans | skrapors | skrapornas |
Derived terms
- skraplott (“scratch card, scratch-off”)
References
- skrapa in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- skrapa in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- skrapa in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
- Finnish terms borrowed from Swedish
- Finnish terms derived from Swedish
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑpɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑpɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish colloquialisms
- Finnish kala-type nominals
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål verb forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk weak verbs
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (cut)
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse class 2 weak verbs
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms with audio links
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish verbs
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Swedish weak verbs
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Swedish short forms