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  1. Wiktionary
  2. przy
przy
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: przy-

Old Polish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pri. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /pr̝i/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /pr̝i/

Preposition

[edit]

przy [with locative]

  1. by, at, next to, near
  2. with, alongside
  3. denotes a simultaneous event at
  4. denotes ownership with, at
  5. denotes action performed by someone
  6. besides, aside from, furthermore

Derived terms

[edit]
adverb
  • przy szyi
prefix
  • przy-

Descendants

[edit]
  • Polish: przy
  • Silesian: przi

References

[edit]
  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “przy”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish przy.

Pronunciation

[edit]
 
  • IPA(key): /ˈpʂɘ/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): (16th c.) /pr̝ɨ/, (17th–18th c.) /pʂɨ/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɘ
  • Syllabification: przy

Preposition

[edit]

przy [with locative]

  1. by, at, next to, near
    Synonyms: u, pod, blisko, niedaleko
    Ona siedziała przy mnie. ― She sat near me.
  2. in front of (in the presence of, or in contrast to)
    Synonym: przed
    Nie rób tego przy dzieciach! ― Don't do that in front of the children!
    Przy nim wyglądał bardzo nisko. ― He looked very short next to him.
  3. indicates belonging to something higher in position or power
    Guziki przy sweterze. ― Sweater buttons.
    Asystent przy szefie. ― The boss's assistant.
  4. at (indicates rate)
    Wypadek przy pięćdziesięciu kilometrach na godzinę. ― An accident at fifty kilometers an hour.
  5. over
    Pogadamy o tym przy piwie. ― We'll talk about this over a beer.
  6. in; with; at
    Pracuję przy przetwarzniu danych. ― I work at data processing.
    Pomaga mi przy zbiorach. ― She helps me with the harvest.

Derived terms

[edit]
conjunctions
  • przy czym
  • przy tym
prefix
  • przy-

Trivia

[edit]

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), przy is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 286 times in scientific texts, 233 times in news, 187 times in essays, 182 times in fiction, and 107 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 995 times, making it the 30th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “przy”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 463

Further reading

[edit]
  • przy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • przy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “przy”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • “PRZY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2008 September 10
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “przy”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “przy”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1912), “przy”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw, page 259
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=przy&oldid=84088770"
Categories:
  • Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
  • Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
  • Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
  • Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
  • Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
  • Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
  • Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
  • Old Polish lemmas
  • Old Polish prepositions
  • Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
  • Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
  • Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
  • Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
  • Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
  • Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
  • Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
  • Polish terms derived from Old Polish
  • Polish 1-syllable words
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  • Rhymes:Polish/ɘ
  • Rhymes:Polish/ɘ/1 syllable
  • Polish lemmas
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