oboedio

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From ob- +‎ audio. In Latin, ob + audire would have been expected to become Classical Latin *obūdiō (compare in + claudō becoming inclūdō), but it has been theorized that the usual law court associations of the word for obeying encouraged a false archaism from ū to oe, to oboediō (compare Old Latin oinos → Classical Latin ūnus).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /oˈboe̯.di.oː/, [ɔˈboe̯d̪ioː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /oˈbe.di.o/, [oˈbɛːd̪io]

Verb

oboediō (present infinitive oboedīre, perfect active oboedīvī or oboediī, supine oboedītum); fourth conjugation

to obey, yield obedience to (+dative of person obeyed)
Synonyms: obtemperō, obsequor, pāreō, mōrigeror

Antonym: recalcitrō
to be subject to, to serve
Synonyms: serviō, appāreō

Conjugation

Conjugation of oboediō (fourth conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	oboediō	oboedīs	oboedit	oboedīmus	oboedītis	oboediunt
	imperfect	oboediēbam	oboediēbās	oboediēbat	oboediēbāmus	oboediēbātis	oboediēbant
	future	oboediam	oboediēs	oboediet	oboediēmus	oboediētis	oboedient
	perfect	oboedīvī, oboediī	oboedīvistī, oboediistī	oboedīvit, oboediit	oboedīvimus, oboediimus	oboedīvistis, oboediistis	oboedīvērunt, oboedīvēre, oboediērunt, oboediēre
	pluperfect	oboedīveram, oboedieram	oboedīverās, oboedierās	oboedīverat, oboedierat	oboedīverāmus, oboedierāmus	oboedīverātis, oboedierātis	oboedīverant, oboedierant
	future perfect	oboedīverō, oboedierō	oboedīveris, oboedieris	oboedīverit, oboedierit	oboedīverimus, oboedierimus	oboedīveritis, oboedieritis	oboedīverint, oboedierint
passive	present	oboedior	oboedīris, oboedīre	oboedītur	oboedīmur	oboedīminī	oboediuntur
	imperfect	oboediēbar	oboediēbāris, oboediēbāre	oboediēbātur	oboediēbāmur	oboediēbāminī	oboediēbantur
	future	oboediar	oboediēris, oboediēre	oboediētur	oboediēmur	oboediēminī	oboedientur
	perfect	oboedītus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	oboedītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	oboedītus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	oboediam	oboediās	oboediat	oboediāmus	oboediātis	oboediant
	imperfect	oboedīrem	oboedīrēs	oboedīret	oboedīrēmus	oboedīrētis	oboedīrent
	perfect	oboedīverim, oboedierim	oboedīverīs, oboedierīs	oboedīverit, oboedierit	oboedīverīmus, oboedierīmus	oboedīverītis, oboedierītis	oboedīverint, oboedierint
	pluperfect	oboedīvissem, oboediissem	oboedīvissēs, oboediissēs	oboedīvisset, oboediisset	oboedīvissēmus, oboediissēmus	oboedīvissētis, oboediissētis	oboedīvissent, oboediissent
passive	present	oboediar	oboediāris, oboediāre	oboediātur	oboediāmur	oboediāminī	oboediantur
	imperfect	oboedīrer	oboedīrēris, oboedīrēre	oboedīrētur	oboedīrēmur	oboedīrēminī	oboedīrentur
	perfect	oboedītus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	oboedītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	oboedī	—	—	oboedīte	—
active	future	—	oboedītō	oboedītō	—	oboedītōte	oboediuntō
passive	present	—	oboedīre	—	—	oboedīminī	—
passive	future	—	oboedītor	oboedītor	—	—	oboediuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		oboedīre	oboedīvisse, oboediisse	oboedītūrum esse	oboedīrī	oboedītum esse	oboedītum īrī
participles		oboediēns	—	oboedītūrus	—	oboedītus	oboediendus, oboediundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		oboediendī	oboediendō	oboediendum	oboediendō	oboedītum	oboedītū

Derived terms

Descendants

Catalan: obeir
→ Old French: obeir (learned)
- Middle French: obeir
  - French: obéir
- → English: obey
Friulian: ubidî
Galician: obedecer
Italian: ubbidire, obbedire, ubidire (literary)
Old Galician-Portuguese: obedecer
- Portuguese: obedecer
Piedmontese: ubidì
Sicilian: ubbidiri
Spanish: obedecer

References

“oboedio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“oboedio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
oboedio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.