English Wikipedia has an article on:

CPU

Wikipedia

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /(ˌ)siː(ˌ)piːˈjuː/
• (General American) enPR: sē'pē(')-yo͞oʹ, IPA^(key): /ˌsi(ˌ)piˈju/

• Audio (General Australian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uː

CPU (plural CPUs)

1. (computer hardware) Initialism of central processing unit.

   Coordinate terms: FPU, GPU, TPU, PPU, MMU

2. (video games) Any character or entity controlled by the game software.

   Synonyms: NPC, AI, bot

3. (computing, slang) The main computer case containing the central components of a personal computer. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
4. (nursing education) Initialism of clinical practice unit.

• DSP
• ASIC

• Cup, CUP, P.U.C., PUC, Pcu, UCP, UPC, cup

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

CPU (曖昧さ回避)

Wikipedia ^ja

Borrowed from English CPU.

• (Tokyo) シーピーユー [shìípííyúꜜù] (Nakadaka – [5])
• IPA^(key): [ɕiːpʲiːjɯ̟ː]

CPU(シーピーユー) • (shīpīyū) 

1. (computer hardware) a CPU

• 中(ちゅう)央(おう)処(しょ)理(り)装(そう)置(ち) (chūō shori sōchi)
• 中(ちゅう)央(おう)演(えん)算(ざん)処(しょ)理(り)装(そう)置(ち) (chūō enzan shori sōchi)

Orthographic borrowing from English CPU.

CPU m (plural CPUs)

1. (computer hardware) CPU (“central processing unit”)

   Synonym: UCP

2. (computer hardware, proscribed) computer case, computer chassis, computer tower

   Synonym: gabinete

Borrowed from English CPU.

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [se˧˧ pe˧˧ ʔu˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [sej˧˧ pej˧˧ ʔʊw˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [sej˧˧ pej˧˧ ʔʊw˧˧]
• Phonetic spelling: xê pê u

CPU

1. (computer hardware) Synonym of bộ xử lí trung tâm (“central processing unit”).