著しい
Japanese
Kanji in this term |
---|
著 |
いちじる Grade: 6 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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著しい (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
From 逸 (ichi-, “very[1][2][3][4]”) + 著し (shirushi, “clear, obvious, conspicuous[2][3][5]”, a ku-adjective).
Attested in the Heian period[1][2] as a ku-adjective pronounced いちしるし (ichishirushi).[5] Since the Muromachi period, it became pronounced いちじるし (ichijirushi),[1][2] where the shirushi changes to jirushi as an instance of rendaku (連濁). Since around the Edo period,[1][3][5] it changed conjugation class and became a shiku-adjective.[2]
The modern form is from いちじるしき (ichijirushiki), the 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) of the Late Middle Japanese shiku-adjective いちじるし (ichijirushi), with the medial /-k-/ falling out.
Pronunciation
- Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of 「著しい」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Continuative (連用形) | 著しく | いちじるしく いちじるしく |
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkù] [ìchíjírúshíꜜkù] |
Terminal (終止形) | 著しい | いちじるしい | [ìchíjírúshíꜜì] |
Attributive (連体形) | 著しい | いちじるしい | [ìchíjírúshíꜜì] |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 著しくない | いちじるしくない いちじるしくない |
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkùnàì] [ìchíjírúshíꜜkùnàì] |
Informal past | 著しかった | いちじるしかった いちじるしかった |
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkàttà] [ìchíjírúshíꜜkàttà] |
Informal negative past | 著しくなかった | いちじるしくなかった いちじるしくなかった |
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkùnàkàttà] [ìchíjírúshíꜜkùnàkàttà] |
Formal | 著しいです | いちじるしいです | [ìchíjírúshíꜜìdèsù] |
Conjunctive | 著しくて | いちじるしくて いちじるしくて |
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkùtè] [ìchíjírúshíꜜkùtè] |
Conditional | 著しければ | いちじるしければ いちじるしければ |
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkèrèbà] [ìchíjírúshíꜜkèrèbà] |
Adjective
著しい • (ichijirushii) -i (adverbial 著しく (ichijirushiku))
- significant, remarkable (having noticeable effect)
Inflection
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 著しかろ | いちじるしかろ | ichijirushikaro |
Continuative (連用形) | 著しく | いちじるしく | ichijirushiku |
Terminal (終止形) | 著しい | いちじるしい | ichijirushii |
Attributive (連体形) | 著しい | いちじるしい | ichijirushii |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 著しけれ | いちじるしけれ | ichijirushikere |
Imperative (命令形) | 著しかれ | いちじるしかれ | ichijirushikare |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 著しくない | いちじるしくない | ichijirushiku nai |
Informal past | 著しかった | いちじるしかった | ichijirushikatta |
Informal negative past | 著しくなかった | いちじるしくなかった | ichijirushiku nakatta |
Formal | 著しいです | いちじるしいです | ichijirushii desu |
Formal negative | 著しくないです | いちじるしくないです | ichijirushiku nai desu |
Formal past | 著しかったです | いちじるしかったです | ichijirushikatta desu |
Formal negative past | 著しくなかったです | いちじるしくなかったです | ichijirushiku nakatta desu |
Conjunctive | 著しくて | いちじるしくて | ichijirushikute |
Conditional | 著しければ | いちじるしければ | ichijirushikereba |
Provisional | 著しかったら | いちじるしかったら | ichijirushikattara |
Volitional | 著しかろう | いちじるしかろう | ichijirushikarō |
Adverbial | 著しく | いちじるしく | ichijirushiku |
Degree | 著しさ | いちじるしさ | ichijirushisa |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- Japanese terms spelled with 著 read as いちじる
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms prefixed with 逸
- Japanese terms with rendaku
- Japanese terms inherited from Late Middle Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Late Middle Japanese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese い-i adjectives
- Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji