炭素

Chinese

		charcoal	plain; element
trad. (炭素)		炭	素
simp. ^#(炭素)		炭	素

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 炭(たん)素(そ) (tanso).

Pronunciation

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thòaⁿ-sò͘

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòaⁿ-sò͘
  - Tâi-lô: thuànn-sòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tvoarsox
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰuã¹¹⁻⁵³ sɔ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰuã²¹⁻⁴¹ sɔ²¹/

Noun

炭素

(Taiwanese Hokkien) carbon
- 卵白質，伊 ê 成分是炭素，水素，酸素，窒素，伊 ê 路用是會 hō͘人 ê 身軀得著勢力，也是 hō͘細胞加添新 ê。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
  卵白质，伊 ê 成分是炭素，水素，酸素，窒素，伊 ê 路用是会 hō͘人 ê 身躯得着势力，也是 hō͘细胞加添新 ê。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
  From: 1926, 張基全 (Tiuⁿ Ki-chôan), 酒佮健康 (Chiú kap Kiān-khong)
  Nn̄g-pe̍h-chit, i ê sêng-hun sī Thàn-sò͘, Chúi-sò͘, Sng-sò͘, Chek-sò͘, i ê lō͘-ēng sī ōe hō͘ lâng ê seng-khu tit-tio̍h sè-le̍k, iā sī hō͘ sè-pau ke-thiⁿ sin--ê. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  Protein: its composition is carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen; it is used to give energy to the human body and to regenerate cells.

Synonyms

碳 (tàn)

References

小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “炭素”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎^[1], volume 2 (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC, page 428

Japanese

Chemical element
C
Previous: ホウ素(そ) (hōso) (B)
Next: 窒(ちっ)素(そ) (chisso) (N)

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

炭素

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Carbon

Wikipedia

Kanji in this term
炭	素
たん Grade: 3	そ Grade: 5
on'yomi	kan'on

Etymology

Compound of 炭 (tan, “coal”) +‎ 素 (so, “element”), calque of Dutch koolstof (literally “coal stuff”), from German Kohlenstoff. Compare also Luxembourgish Kuelestoff, Danish kulstof. Coined by Japanese scientist Udagawa Yōan in 1834 in his book 遠西医方名物考補遺 (“炭素”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) たんそ [táꜜǹsò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [tã̠ɰ̃so̞]

Noun

炭(たん)素(そ) • (tanso)

carbon (chemical element)
Synonym: カーボン (kābon)

Derived terms

一(いっ)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (issanka tanso, “carbon monoxide”)
一(いっ)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ)中(ちゅう)毒(どく) (issanka tanso chūdoku, “carbon monoxide poisoning”)
二(に)硫(りゅう)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (niryūka tanso, “carbon disulfide”)
二(に)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (nisanka tanso, “carbon dioxide”)
二(に)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ)削(さく)減(げん)目(もく)標(ひょう) (nisanka tanso sakugen mokuhyō, “CO₂ reduction goal”)
二(に)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ)削(さく)減(げん)義(ざ)務(む) (nisanka tanso sakugen zamu, “carbon dioxide reduction obligation”)
二(に)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ)排(はい)出(しゅつ)権(けん) (nisanka tanso haishutsuken, “right to emit carbon dioxide”)
含(がん)水(すい)炭(たん)素(そ) (gansui tanso, “carbohydrate”)
四(し)塩(えん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (shienka tanso, “carbon tetrachloride”)
放(ほう)射(しゃ)性(せい)炭(たん)素(そ) (hōshasei tanso, “radiocarbon”)
放(ほう)射(しゃ)性(せい)炭(たん)素(そ)年(ねん)代(だい)測(そく)定(てい) (hōshasei tanso nendai sokutei, “radiocarbon dating”)
次(じ)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (jisanka tanso, “carbon suboxide”)
炭(たん)素(そ )14(じゅうし) (tanso jūshi, “carbon-14”)
炭(たん)素(そ )14(じゅうし)法( ほう) (tanso jūshi hō, “carbon-14 dating”)
炭(たん)素(そ)クレジット (tanso kurejitto, “carbon credit”)
炭(たん)素(そ)中(ちゅう)立(りつ) (tanso chūritsu, “carbon-neutral”)
炭(たん)素(そ)化(か)合(ごう)物(ぶつ) (tanso kagōbutsu, “carbon compounds”)
炭(たん)素(そ)税(ぜい) (tansozei, “carbon tax”)
炭(たん)素(そ)繊(せん)維(い) (tanso sen'i, “carbon fiber”)
炭(たん)素(そ)鋼(こう) (tansokō, “carbon steel”)
無(む)定(てい)形(けい)炭(たん)素(そ) (muteikei tanso, “amorphous carbon”)
酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (sanka tanso, “oxide of carbon”)
高(こう)炭(たん)素(そ)鋼(こう) (kōtansokō, “high-carbon steel”)

Descendants

→ Korean: 탄소 (tanso)
→ Min Nan: 炭素 (thòaⁿ-sò͘)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
炭	素

Noun

炭素 • (tanso) (hangeul 탄소)

hanja form^? of 탄소 (“carbon”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK5-3] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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