Chinese
[edit]| For pronunciation and definitions of 激励 – see 激勵 (“to encourage; to motivate; to reprimand; to slam; to rebuke; to denounce”). (This term is the simplified form of 激勵). |
Notes:
|
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 激 | 励 |
| げき Grade: 6 |
れい Grade: S |
| kan'yōon | kan'on |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 激勵 (kyūjitai) 激厲 |
Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese compound 激勵 (MC kek ljejH). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- encouragement
- Synonym: 励まし (hagemashi)
Derived terms
[edit]- 叱咤激励 (shitta gekirei)
Verb
[edit]激励する • (gekirei suru) transitive suru (stem 激励し (gekirei shi), past 激励した (gekirei shita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "激励する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 激励し | げきれいし | gekirei shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 激励し | げきれいし | gekirei shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 激励する | げきれいする | gekirei suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 激励する | げきれいする | gekirei suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 激励すれ | げきれいすれ | gekirei sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 激励せよ¹ 激励しろ² |
げきれいせよ¹ げきれいしろ² |
gekirei seyo¹ gekirei shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 激励される | げきれいされる | gekirei sareru | |
| Causative | 激励させる 激励さす |
げきれいさせる げきれいさす |
gekirei saseru gekirei sasu | |
| Potential | 激励できる | げきれいできる | gekirei dekiru | |
| Volitional | 激励しよう | げきれいしよう | gekirei shiyō | |
| Negative | 激励しない | げきれいしない | gekirei shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 激励せず | げきれいせず | gekirei sezu | |
| Formal | 激励します | げきれいします | gekirei shimasu | |
| Perfective | 激励した | げきれいした | gekirei shita | |
| Conjunctive | 激励して | げきれいして | gekirei shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 激励すれば | げきれいすれば | gekirei sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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