波

波 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水木竹水 (EDHE), four-corner 3414₇, composition ⿰氵皮)

• 啵, 𨨏, 菠, 箥, 婆, 碆, 錃

• Japanese: は (ha)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 617, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17308
• Dae Jaweon: page 1012, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1597, character 7
• Unihan data for U+6CE2

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 波 (消歧義) (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• 波 (搞清楚) (Cantonese)
• 波 (Classical)
• 波 (Wu)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːl) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 皮 (OC *bral).

“wave; undulation”

Debated.

STEDT and Starostin derive it from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/m-ba (“wave; ripple”). Cognate with Tibetan རྦ (rba), དབའ (dba', “wave”).

Schuessler (2007) notes a mismatch of the vowels in the above comparanda, and instead posits a root *paj (“slanted; not level”), also subsuming 陂 (OC *pral, “slope; slanting”).

Wang (1982) relates it to 播 (OC *paːls, “to winnow”), 簸 (OC *paːlʔ, *paːls, “to winnow”).

波

1. wave; breaker
2. undulation
3. (physics) wave

   聲波／声波  ―  shēngbō  ―  sound wave

   微波  ―  wēibō  ―  microwave

4. (Sichuanese, including Chongqing and Neijiang) elderly person
5. Short for 波蘭／波兰 (Bōlán, “Poland”).
6. Short for 波斯 (Bōsī, “Persia”).
7. a surname
8. Used in 波羅／波罗 (bōluó), alternative form of 菠蘿／菠萝 (bōluó)

• (wave): 波動／波动 (bōdòng)

Borrowed from English ball.

波

1. (Cantonese, Leizhou Min, Hainanese) ball (Classifier: 個／个 c; 粒 c)
2. (Cantonese) ball game, especially football (Classifier: 場／场 c)
3. (Cantonese) team in a ball game, especially football (Classifier: 隊／队 c)
4. (Cantonese) goal (act of scoring with the ball) in a ball game, especially football (Classifier: 球 c)
5. (Cantonese) automotive gear, gearbox; transmission

   低波 [Cantonese]  ―  dai¹ bo¹ [Jyutping]  ―  low gear

6. (Hong Kong Cantonese) typhoon signal (issued by the Hong Kong Observatory)

   八號波／八号波 [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  baat³ hou⁶ bo¹ [Jyutping]  ―  Typhoon Signal No. 8

7. (chiefly Hong Kong Cantonese, figurative) boob; breast (Classifier: 對／对 c; 個／个 c)

   波大冇腦／波大冇脑 [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  bo¹ daai⁶ mou⁵ nou⁵ [Jyutping]  ―  with big boobs but brainless

8. (Hong Kong Cantonese) ball; dance party (Classifier: 個／个 c)
9. (Hong Kong Cantonese, figuratively, always with the classifier) responsibility (Classifier: 個／个 c)

• (ball):

• (automotive gear): (Mandarin) 排擋／排挡 (páidǎng), 擋／挡 (dǎng)
• (breast):

• “波”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

• Go-on: は (ha, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: は (ha, Jōyō)
• Kun: なみ (nami, 波, Jōyō)
• Nanori: ぽ (po, 波)

• 波蘭(ポーランド) (Pōrando)

⟨nami₁⟩ → /namʲi/ → /nami/

From Old Japanese 浪 (nami₁), from Proto-Japonic *nami.

• (Tokyo) なみ [nàmíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [na̠mʲi]

波(なみ) • (nami) 

1. a wave

   そのサーファーは一番(いちばん)大(おお)きな波(なみ)に乗(の)った。

   Sono sāfā wa ichiban ōkina nami ni notta.

   That surfer rode the biggest wave.

• 波(なみ)形(がた) (namigata)
• 波(なみ)線(せん) (namisen)
• 津(つ)波(なみ) (tsunami)

波(なみ) • (Nami) 

1. a female given name

/pa/ → /ɸa/ → /ha/

From Middle Chinese 波 (MC pa).

波(は) • (ha) 

1. wave

Short form of ateji (当て字) spelling 波蘭 (Pōrando).

波(ぽ) • (Po) 

1. Short for ポーランド (Pōrando): Poland

From Middle Chinese 波 (MC pa). Recorded as Middle Korean 파 (pha) (Yale: pha) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

波

Wikisource

波 (eumhun 물결 파 (mulgyeol pa))

1. hanja form^? of 파 (“wave, undulation”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

波: Hán Nôm readings: Ba

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