尤

See also: 尢 and ㄤ

尤	U+5C24, 尤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C24

← 尣
[U+5C23]

CJK Unified Ideographs

尥 →
[U+5C25]

Translingual

Han character

尤 (Kangxi radical 43, 尢+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 戈大山 (IKU), four-corner 4301₀, composition ⿺尢丶)

Derived characters

㕱, 㚭, 忧, 扰, 沋, 肬, 犹, 紌(𬘕), 蚘, 𦬓, 訧, 㞃, 𨠄, 𨠫, 䤞, 就, 駀, 魷(鱿), 尨, 𡯟, 𬡸, 𪨈, 疣, 𰀳, 𡰖

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 298, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7543
Dae Jaweon: page 593, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 551, character 14
Unihan data for U+5C24

Chinese

simp. and trad.		尤

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 尤
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (尤) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
尤	*ɢʷɯ
疣	*ɢʷɯ
肬	*ɢʷɯ
沋	*ɢʷɯ
訧	*ɢʷɯ
忧	*ɢʷɯs
蚘	*ɢʷɯː

Pictogram (象形) – hand with a wart. Original form of 疣 and 肬.

Etymology

Sino-Tibetan; compare Tibetan ཡུས (yus, “blame, charge, accusation”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yóu (you²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yù
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): iu²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): iû

(Teochew, Peng'im): iu⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yóu
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yóu
  - Wade–Giles: yu²
  - Yale: yóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: you
  - Palladius: ю (ju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jau⁴
  - Yale: yàuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù
  - Hakka Romanization System: iu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yiu²
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯u¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yiu²
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯u¹¹/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: iu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iu¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iû
  - Tâi-lô: iû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iuu
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iu²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iu²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iu¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iu²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iu²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iu⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iû
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iu⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: hjuw

Rime
Character	尤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	羽求切
Baxter	hjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiu/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuw/
Li Rong	/ɣiu/
Wang Li	/ɣĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yóu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	尤
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yóu
Middle Chinese	‹ hjuw ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə/
English	fault; even more
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	尤
Reading #	1/1
No.	15503
Phonetic component	尤
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	尤
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯ/
Notes	甲文象又（手）上加筆指疣

Definitions

尤

fault; flaw
to fault; to blame
效尤 ― xiàoyóu ― to follow bad examples (literally, "to imitate the blameworthy")
(literary) strange; special; outstanding
(literary) especially; particularly; even more
a surname

Compounds

References

“Query for 尤”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
“尤”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “尤”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 288.

Japanese

Kanji

尤

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: う (u)
Kan-on: ゆう (yū)^{←いう (iu, historical)}
Kun: とがめる (togameru, 尤める)、とが (toga)、もっとも (mottomo, 尤も)、すぐれる (sugureru, 尤れる)
Nanori: まさる (masaru)

Korean

Hanja

尤 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u)

especially, particularly

Vietnamese

Han character

尤: Hán Nôm readings: vưu

(Rare) A Vietnamese surname