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  2. ἔμπροσθεν
ἔμπροσθεν
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Ancient Greek

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Alternative forms

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  • ἔμπροσθε (émprosthe) — before consonants

Etymology

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From ἐν (en, “in”) +‎ πρόσθεν (prósthen, “before”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ém.pros.tʰen/ → /ˈem.pros.θen/ → /ˈem.bros.θen/
  • (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ém.pros.tʰen/
  • (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈem.pros.tʰen/
  • (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈem.pros.θen/
  • (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈem.pros.θen/
  • (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈem.bros.θen/

Adverb

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ἔμπροσθεν • (émprosthen)

  1. (of place) before, in front
    • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.126
    • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 4.2.23
    • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.62
    • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.61
    • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.89
    • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 2.2.6
  2. (of time) before, earlier, of old
    • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 277D
    • 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 448E
    • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 773E

Preposition

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ἔμπροσθεν • (émprosthen) (governs the genitive)

  1. before
    1. (of place)
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.87
    2. (of time)
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.144
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, First Philippic 39
    3. (of degree)
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Dionysodorus 50

Further reading

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  • “ἔμπροσθεν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “ἔμπροσθεν”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • ἔμπροσθεν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • ἔμπροσθεν in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
  • G1715 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
    • above idem, page 3.
    • ahead idem, page 20.
    • before idem, page 69.
    • front idem, page 346.
    • preference idem, page 634.
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