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ܥܠܡܐ

ܥܠܡܐ

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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

From Aramaic עָלְמָא (ʿāləmā), itself possibly from Akkadian 𒂖𒆷𒈬𒌋𒀀 (/⁠ellamu, illamu⁠/, “front, before; both temporally and in location; coming before your time or being currently physically before you now”); compare Hebrew עוֹלָם ('olám), Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam) and Amharic ዓለም (ʿaläm).

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key): [ʕɑːlmɑː]
(Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːlmɑː]

Noun

ܥܵܠܡܵܐ • (ˁālmā) m sg (plural ܥܵܠܡܹ̈ܐ (ˁālmē))

world
nation, people
Synonym: ܥܲܡܵܐ (ˁammā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܵܠܡܵܐ (ˁālmā)
number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	plural
singular	absolute	–	1^st person	ܥܵܠܡܝܼ (ˁālmī)		ܥܵܠܡܲܢ (ˁālman)
	construct	ܥܵܠܲܡ (ˁālam)	2^nd person	ܥܵܠܡܘܼܟ݂ (ˁālmūḵ)	ܥܵܠܡܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁālmāḵ)	ܥܵܠܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁālmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܵܠܡܵܐ (ˁālmā)	3^rd person	ܥܵܠܡܹܗ (ˁālmēh)	ܥܵܠܡܵܗ̇ (ˁālmāh)	ܥܵܠܡܗܘܿܢ (ˁālmhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1^st person	ܥܵܠܡܝܼ̈ (ˁālmī)		ܥܵܠܡܲܢ̈ (ˁālman)
	construct	ܥܵܠܡܲܝ̈ (ˁālmay)	2^nd person	ܥܵܠܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ˁālmūḵ)	ܥܵܠܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ˁālmāḵ)	ܥܵܠܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁālmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܵܠܡܹ̈ܐ (ˁālmē)	3^rd person	ܥܵܠܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ˁālmūh)	ܥܵܠܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ˁālmōh)	ܥܵܠܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ˁālmhōn)

Derived terms

ܥܵܠܲܡ (ˁālam, “eternity, forever”)
ܥܵܠܡܵܝܵܐ (ˁālmāyā)
ܥܵܠܡܵܢܵܝܵܐ (ˁālmānāyā)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Compare Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam) and Hebrew עוֹלָם (ʿôlām).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ʕɑlmɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
IPA^(key): [ʕɑlme(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܥܠܡܐ • (ˁālmā) m (plural ܥܠܡܐ)

Inflection

inflection of ܥܠܡܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܥܠܡ	ܥܠܡܝܢ
construct	ܥܠܡ	ܥܠܡܝ
emphatic	ܥܠܡܐ	ܥܠܡܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܥܠܡܝ	ܥܠܡܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܥܠܡܟ	ܥܠܡܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܥܠܡܟܝ	ܥܠܡܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܥܠܡܗ	ܥܠܡܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܥܠܡܗ	ܥܠܡܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܥܠܡܢ	ܥܠܡܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܥܠܡܟܘܢ	ܥܠܡܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܥܠܡܟܝܢ	ܥܠܡܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܥܠܡܗܘܢ	ܥܠܡܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܥܠܡܗܝܢ	ܥܠܡܝܗܝܢ

References

“ˁlm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 254b
Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 415a-b
Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 1105a

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