دف

See also: ذق

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root د ف ف (d-f-f); a more primitive form of د ف ع (d-f-ʕ). The noun “lateral surface” may have to be drawn to the Persianisms and ultimate Sumerianisms in the second etymology instead, if not deriving from a combination of both it and native roots.

Verb

دَفَّ • (daffa) I (non-past يَدِفُّ (yadiffu), verbal noun دَفِيف (dafīf))

to flap the wings (of a bird)

Conjugation

Conjugation of دَفَّ (I, geminate, a ~ i, no passive (?), verbal noun دَفِيف)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					دَفِيف dafīf
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					دَافّ dāff
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	دَفَفْتُ dafaftu	دَفَفْتَ dafafta	دَفَّ daffa	دَفَفْتُمَا dafaftumā	دَفَّا daffā	دَفَفْنَا dafafnā	دَفَفْتُمْ dafaftum	دَفُّوا daffū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	دَفَفْتُ dafaftu	دَفَفْتِ dafafti	دَفَّتْ daffat	دَفَفْتُمَا dafaftumā	دَفَّتَا daffatā	دَفَفْنَا dafafnā	دَفَفْتُنَّ dafaftunna	دَفَفْنَ dafafna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَدِفُّ ʔadiffu	تَدِفُّ tadiffu	يَدِفُّ yadiffu	تَدِفَّانِ tadiffāni	يَدِفَّانِ yadiffāni	نَدِفُّ nadiffu	تَدِفُّونَ tadiffūna	يَدِفُّونَ yadiffūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَدِفُّ ʔadiffu	تَدِفِّينَ tadiffīna	تَدِفُّ tadiffu	تَدِفَّانِ tadiffāni	تَدِفَّانِ tadiffāni	نَدِفُّ nadiffu	تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna	يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَدِفَّ ʔadiffa	تَدِفَّ tadiffa	يَدِفَّ yadiffa	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	يَدِفَّا yadiffā	نَدِفَّ nadiffa	تَدِفُّوا tadiffū	يَدِفُّوا yadiffū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَدِفَّ ʔadiffa	تَدِفِّي tadiffī	تَدِفَّ tadiffa	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	نَدِفَّ nadiffa	تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna	يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَدِفَّ, أَدِفِّ, أَدْفِفْ ʔadiffa, ʔadiffi, ʔadfif	تَدِفَّ, تَدِفِّ, تَدْفِفْ tadiffa, tadiffi, tadfif	يَدِفَّ, يَدِفِّ, يَدْفِفْ yadiffa, yadiffi, yadfif	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	يَدِفَّا yadiffā	نَدِفَّ, نَدِفِّ, نَدْفِفْ nadiffa, nadiffi, nadfif	تَدِفُّوا tadiffū	يَدِفُّوا yadiffū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَدِفَّ, أَدِفِّ, أَدْفِفْ ʔadiffa, ʔadiffi, ʔadfif	تَدِفِّي tadiffī	تَدِفَّ, تَدِفِّ, تَدْفِفْ tadiffa, tadiffi, tadfif	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	تَدِفَّا tadiffā	نَدِفَّ, نَدِفِّ, نَدْفِفْ nadiffa, nadiffi, nadfif	تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna	يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		دِفَّ, دِفِّ, اِدْفِفْ diffa, diffi, idfif		دِفَّا diffā			دِفُّوا diffū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		دِفِّي diffī		دِفَّا diffā			اِدْفِفْنَ idfifna

Noun

دَفّ • (daff) m (plural دُفُوف (dufūf))

side, lateral surface

Declension

Declension of noun دَفّ (daff)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دَفّ daff	الدَّفّ ad-daff	دَفّ daff
Nominative	دَفٌّ daffun	الدَّفُّ ad-daffu	دَفُّ daffu
Accusative	دَفًّا daffan	الدَّفَّ ad-daffa	دَفَّ daffa
Genitive	دَفٍّ daffin	الدَّفِّ ad-daffi	دَفِّ daffi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دَفَّيْن daffayn	الدَّفَّيْن ad-daffayn	دَفَّيْ daffay
Nominative	دَفَّانِ daffāni	الدَّفَّانِ ad-daffāni	دَفَّا daffā
Accusative	دَفَّيْنِ daffayni	الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-daffayni	دَفَّيْ daffay
Genitive	دَفَّيْنِ daffayni	الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-daffayni	دَفَّيْ daffay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُفُوف dufūf	الدُّفُوف ad-dufūf	دُفُوف dufūf
Nominative	دُفُوفٌ dufūfun	الدُّفُوفُ ad-dufūfu	دُفُوفُ dufūfu
Accusative	دُفُوفًا dufūfan	الدُّفُوفَ ad-dufūfa	دُفُوفَ dufūfa
Genitive	دُفُوفٍ dufūfin	الدُّفُوفِ ad-dufūfi	دُفُوفِ dufūfi

Related terms

دَفَّة (daffa, “wing, casement”)
دِفِّيَّة (diffiyya, “loose Egyptian woolen cloak”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian 𐭣𐭯 (dap), ultimately from Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet”).

Noun

دُفّ or دَفّ • (duff or daff) m (plural دُفُوف (dufūf))

(music) tambourine

Declension

Declension of noun دُفّ (duff)‎; دَفّ (daff)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُفّ‎; دَفّ duff‎; daff	الدُّفّ‎; الدَّفّ ad-duff‎; ad-daff	دُفّ‎; دَفّ duff‎; daff
Nominative	دُفٌّ‎; دَفٌّ duffun‎; daffun	الدُّفُّ‎; الدَّفُّ ad-duffu‎; ad-daffu	دُفُّ‎; دَفُّ duffu‎; daffu
Accusative	دُفًّا‎; دَفًّا duffan‎; daffan	الدُّفَّ‎; الدَّفَّ ad-duffa‎; ad-daffa	دُفَّ‎; دَفَّ duffa‎; daffa
Genitive	دُفٍّ‎; دَفٍّ duffin‎; daffin	الدُّفِّ‎; الدَّفِّ ad-duffi‎; ad-daffi	دُفِّ‎; دَفِّ duffi‎; daffi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُفَّيْن‎; دَفَّيْن duffayn‎; daffayn	الدُّفَّيْن‎; الدَّفَّيْن ad-duffayn‎; ad-daffayn	دُفَّيْ‎; دَفَّيْ duffay‎; daffay
Nominative	دُفَّانِ‎; دَفَّانِ duffāni‎; daffāni	الدُّفَّانِ‎; الدَّفَّانِ ad-duffāni‎; ad-daffāni	دُفَّا‎; دَفَّا duffā‎; daffā
Accusative	دُفَّيْنِ‎; دَفَّيْنِ duffayni‎; daffayni	الدُّفَّيْنِ‎; الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-duffayni‎; ad-daffayni	دُفَّيْ‎; دَفَّيْ duffay‎; daffay
Genitive	دُفَّيْنِ‎; دَفَّيْنِ duffayni‎; daffayni	الدُّفَّيْنِ‎; الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-duffayni‎; ad-daffayni	دُفَّيْ‎; دَفَّيْ duffay‎; daffay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُفُوف dufūf	الدُّفُوف ad-dufūf	دُفُوف dufūf
Nominative	دُفُوفٌ dufūfun	الدُّفُوفُ ad-dufūfu	دُفُوفُ dufūfu
Accusative	دُفُوفًا dufūfan	الدُّفُوفَ ad-dufūfa	دُفُوفَ dufūfa
Genitive	دُفُوفٍ dufūfin	الدُّفُوفِ ad-dufūfi	دُفُوفِ dufūfi

Derived terms

دَفَّاف (daffāf, “tambourine player”)

Descendants

→ Catalan: alduf, adufle
→ Old Galician-Portuguese: adufe, aduffe
- Galician: adufe
- Portuguese: adufe, adufo
→ Spanish: adufe, adufre

Baluchi

Noun

دف • (daf)

mouth

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian (daf), ultimately from Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet”).

Noun

دف • (def, tef)

daf (a Persian frame drum)

Descendants

Turkish: tef

Persian

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:

دف

Wikipedia ^fa

Alternative forms

دپ (dap)

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭣𐭯 (dp /⁠dap⁠/), ultimately from Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [daf]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æf]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äf]

Readings
Classical reading^?	daf
Dari reading^?	daf
Iranian reading^?	daf
Tajik reading^?	daf

Noun


Iranian Persian	دف
Dari	دف
Tajik	даф

دف • (daf)

daf (a Persian frame drum)
- c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 125:
  چو آن مه خشم دارد مطربا خیز
  بیفگن چنگ و دف عیش و طرب چیست
  čū ān mah xišm dārad mutribā xēz
  biyafgan čang u daf ayš u tarab čīst
  When that moon[-like beloved] is angry, o minstrel, stand up!
  Throw down the lyre and drum! What is pleasure and mirth [when the beloved is angry]?
  (Classical Persian transliteration)

Descendants

→ English: daf
→ Ottoman Turkish: دف (def, tef)
- Turkish: tef
→ Uyghur: داپ (dap)
- → Chinese: 達甫／达甫 (dáfǔ), 達卜／达卜 (dábǔ), 達普／达普 (dápǔ)